Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
UDC 543.544
UDC 543.545.2
Customs control of alkaloids in food products is necessary to prevent the import of hazardous or narcotic substances into the Russian Federation and to ensure product compliance with technical regulations. It also ensures that the permissible doses of toxic and potent compounds in dietary supplements (DS) placed into circulation in the country are not exceeded. Establishing the nature and quantitative content of alkaloids in agricultural raw materials, food products, and DS is the responsibility of customs inspection. The article analyzes the problems and prospects of using instrumental and classical chemical methods for the quantitative determination of methylxanthines for customs examination purposes. The objects of the study were samples of tea imported into the Russian Federation or produced in Russia from imported raw materials. High-performance liquid chromatography has been shown to be the most effective method. Capillary electrophoresis demonstrates its suitability for quantitatively determining caffeine, but yields overestimated values for theobromine. Iodometric titration yields underestimated caffeine content compared to instrumental methods. The relative measurement error typically ranges from 5 to 12%. However, it demonstrates good correlation with instrumental methods for the quantitative determination of theobromine. This circumstance, combined with the simplicity and accessibility of the classical analytical method, allows us to consider iodometric titration as an acceptable alternative to the quantitative determination of theobromine using complex and expensive instrumental analytical methods.
caffeine, theobromine, iodometric titration, capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography
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